Cov Khoom Noj Hauv Cov Khoom Noj Aub Thiab Miv: Cov Lus Qhia Ua Kom Tiav

2024 Tus sau: Daisy Haig | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:09

Xaiv cov khoom noj kom zoo rau koj tus tsiaj tuaj yeem yog qhov kev txiav txim siab loj, thiab ib qho kev hnyav uas hnyav rau lub siab ntawm ntau tus tswv tsiaj.

Muaj ntau txoj kev xaiv nyob rau hauv-qhuav, cov kaus poom, khov-ziab, nyoos, "txhua yam," tsis pub muaj qoob loo, thiab lwm yam-thiab tseem muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev xav los txhawb lossis rov siv cov kev xaiv no.

Thiab tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum tau txiav txim cov npe ntawm cov khoom noj miv lossis cov khoom noj dev hauv cov mis hauv txhua lub mis kom paub tias koj tau muab dab tsi rau koj tus tsiaj.

Yog li qhov twg tsis pib ib? Koj ua kev txiav txim siab paub dab tsi txog cov khoom noj twg zoo rau koj tus dev lossis miv?

Cov lus qhia no yuav rhuav tshem cov paib tsiaj cov ntawv cim npe thiab qee cov khoom sib xyaw hauv cov khoom noj dev thiab miv kom koj thiaj pom cov khoom noj zoo tshaj plaws rau koj tus tsiaj.

Dhia mus rau seem ntawm no:

• Xav Tau Khoom Noj thiab Tej Yam Yuav Tsum Muaj
• Nkag siab Cov Lus Cog Khoom Noj Khoom Noj
• Nkag siab Cov Ntawv Cuam Tshuam
• Cov Ntsiab Lus ntawm Cov Khoom Noj Cat thiab Aub Tsiaj Cov Khoom Noj

Xav Tau Khoom Noj thiab Tej Yam Yuav Tsum Muaj

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ib qho kev xaiv hauv kev xaiv cov khoom noj tsiaj kom paub tseeb tias kev noj zaub mov kom haum raws li koj tus tsiaj cov khoom noj xav tau ntau dua 30 cov as-ham tseem ceeb, suav nrog:

• Cuam Tshuam
• Cov amino acids
• Lub cev rog
• Cov vitamins
• Cov zaub mov

Cov khoom noj rau cov tsiaj kom tsim nyog yuav tsum muab tag nrho cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig kom muaj txaus thiab muaj qhov ntsuas kom tsim nyog rau koj tus tsiaj lub neej nyob theem. Qhov ntawd txhais tau hais tias koj cov tsiaj cov khoom noj yuav tsum muaj cov calories kom txaus los tswj lawv lub cev thaum lawv lub neej tshwj xeeb (piv txwv li, kev tu neeg laus, menyuam menyuam / loj hlob, tub rog, thiab lwm yam).

AAFCO kev pom zoo thiab daim ntawv lo xav tau

Kev noj zaub mov kom haum raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev noj zaub mov zoo hu ua “ ua kom tiav thiab sib npaug,”Uas yuav tsum tau qhia rau ntawm daim ntawv lo yog Cov Lus Qhia Tseem Ceeb los ntawm Lub Koom Haum Asmeskas ntawm Asmeskas ntawm Cov Tswj Xyuas Khoom Noj (AAFCO).¹

Cov ntawv sau qhia ntau ntxiv uas Lub Chaw Tswj Xyuas Khoom Noj thiab Tshuaj (FDA) suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

• Cov khoom lag luam (nws yog dab tsi)
• Kom muaj nuj nqis
• Chaw tsim khoom lossis xa cov npe thiab chaw nyob
• Cov khoom xyaw npe

AAFCO tseem pom zoo xws li:

• Cov lus qhia noj
• Muaj kev tsom xam
• Cov ntsiab lus caloric

Nkag siab Cov Lus Cog Khoom Noj Khoom Noj

Cov tsiaj tej khoom noj feem ntau muaj daim ntawv lo ntawm qhov muag pom, zoo li “txhua yam,” “organic,” lossis “zoo dua.”

Cov lus no nrov zoo ib yam tab sis tuaj yeem txhais tau ntau yam sib txawv txog cov khoom. Qee yam ntawm cov lus no yog tswj los ntawm AAFCO thiab FDA, thaum lwm tus tsis yog. Nws tseem ceeb heev kom paub qhov txawv thiab cov lus no txhais tau li cas tiag.

Ntawm no yog qhov sau luv ntawm AAFCO cov lus txhais uas tuaj yeem pab coj koj, tab sis yog tias koj xav tau ntaub ntawv ntau ntxiv, mus saib AAFCO Talks Tsiaj Khoom Noj.

Cov Cai Cog Tseg: USDA, FDA, thiab / lossis AAFCO

Organic

Lo lus no yog tswj tau thiab muaj kev kos npe nrog USDA Organic Seal.

Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Asmeskas Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ua Liaj Ua Teb (USDA) Organic foob txhais tau tias cov khoom noj tsiaj yug tsiaj thiab kev ua raws li cov cai tsim los ntawm USDA's National Organic Program rau neeg cov cai tswj zaub mov.

Cov tsiaj txhu ua tsiaj txhu muaj ntawv pov thawj yuav tsum yog muaj tsawg kawg 95% cov khoom xyaw organic, thiab kev siv cov khoom siv chiv, dej phwj tuaj, kev tiv thaiv tsis zoo, thiab kev tsim caj ces engineering tsis tau tso cai.¹

Neeg-Qib

Tsis muaj lub ntsiab lus tseeb rau qhov no hauv cov cai tswj xyuas tsiaj, tab sis raws li AAFCO, rau cov tsiaj cov khoom noj kom pom tias yog "tib neeg-qeb," txhua cov khoom xyaw yuav tsum yog "tib neeg muaj cai" thiab "tsim khoom, ntim khoom, thiab tuav raws li tsoomfwv cov kev cai."

Cov zaub mov tsiaj yug muaj peev xwm ua tau raws cov qauv no, yog li yog koj pom "tib neeg-qib" ntawm daim ntawv lo, koj yuav xav hu rau lub tuam txhab nug txog lawv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom.¹

Cov ntsiab lus uas yuav tsis tau tswj

Ntuj, Txhua Yam-Ntuj, lossis 100% Ntuj

Daim ntawv thov sau lo lus ntawm “ntuj” muaj lub ntsiab lus xoob.

Cov dev ntawm cov dev lossis miv cov khoom noj khoom haus yuav tsum yog ntawm cov nroj tsuag, tsiaj, lossis cov chaw khawb av, uas cov khoom xyaw feem ntau yog, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau cov txheej txheem kev tsim khoom tshwj tsis yog cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg.

Cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg muaj xws li ntau yam vitamins thiab minerals, khaws cia, thiab tsw thiab / lossis xim ntxiv.

"Txhua-yam" lossis "100% ntuj" txhais tau tias txhua tus neeg ua khoom siv siv ua raws li qhov no, lossis daim ntawv sau qhia tuaj yeem sau qee yam xyaw ua "ntuj" (piv txwv li, "ntuj nqaij qaib tsw qab").

Yog tias ib yam khoom yog "tagnrho" lossis "100% ntuj," nws tsis zoo li yuav ua tiav thiab sib npaug, vim tias feem ntau cov vitamins thiab minerals uas tau ntxiv rau cov khoom noj tsiaj yog cov khoom cua. Vim li no, kev txhawb nqa ntxiv yuav tsim nyog kom tau raws li koj tus tsiaj cov tsiaj tshwj xeeb xav tau.¹

Holistic los yog Wholesome

Cov lus “ntau ntxiv” thiab “zoo tshaj” yog siv los hais txog “kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho lub cev,” tab sis lawv tsis qhia koj txog yam khoom xyaw twg muaj, li cas lossis qhov twg cov khoom xyaw yog, los yog cov khoom tsim los sis tuav li cas.

Ua nqaij nyoos

Cov khw muag khoom muag tsiaj hauv khw feem ntau tsis yog nyoos, vim tias cov txheej txheem kub tau siv los tiv thaiv kab mob kev loj hlob.

Yog tias cov zaub mov muaj ntawv cim tias tsis muaj nqaij nyoos thiab tsis yog dag ntxias, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua raws li kev nyiam huv tu cov nqaij nyoos kom txo cov kab mob sib kis sib kis.

Nkag siab Siv Daim Ntawv Sau Qhia

Ntawm cov ntawv tswj kev tswj hwm ntawm daim ntawv cim khoom noj tsiaj, feem ntau cov tswv tsiaj pom cov npe khoom lag luam los ua qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.

FDA tau hais tias txhua yam khoom xyaw suav nrog muaj npe raws li cov lus tsim los ntawm AAFCO thiab cov khoom xyaw tau teev nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev cia siab dhau los ntawm qhov hnyav. Qhov no txhais tau tias cov khoom xyaw hnyav tshaj tau sau ua ntej.

Zoo thiab Qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm Cat thiab Aub Khoom Noj Hauv Paus

Cov npe tsis muab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev zoo ntawm cov khoom noj kom miv lossis dev hauv lub cev lossis seb lawv siv rau hauv cov nyiaj uas muab txhua yam txiaj ntsig zoo rau koj tus tsiaj.

Piv txwv, cov khoom xyaw uas rov hais dua rau cov tswv tsiaj, zoo li blueberries thiab kale, tej zaum muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau koj tus tsiaj vim tias cov khoom noj tsawg tsawg ntxiv, qhov nqaij qaib cov khoom lag luam suab tsis txaus siab tab sis suav nrog cov khoom siv thawj vim nws muab koj cov tsiaj nrog cov as-ham tseem ceeb.

Hu rau Chaw Tsim Tshuaj Tsiaj Khoom Noj

Yog tias koj puas tau muaj lus nug txog cov khoom xyaw hauv cov khoom noj miv lossis cov khoom noj aub, tsis txhob yig ua ib qho haujlwm me me.

Qee tus tsiaj ua khoom noj muaj cov vev xaib uas muaj cov npe khoom siv thiab cov lus piav qhia feem ntau, tab sis yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv nyob ntawd, hu rau lub chaw tsim khoom.

Lub khw tsim cov khoom noj tsiaj muaj lub luag haujlwm yuav tsum muab cov lus qhia sib xyaw nrog koj, suav nrog qhov chaw thiab vim li cas nws yog suav nrog hauv lawv cov kev tsim.

Cov Ntawv Qhia Cov Khoom Noj Siv Cat thiab Aub

Cov npe ntawm cov khoom xyaw hauv cov khoom noj miv thiab cov khoom noj aub tuaj yeem tshwj xeeb tau ntev nrog cov lus tsis meej.

Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab cov lus txhais tsim rau cov lus ntawd kom koj muaj peev xwm txiav txim siab txog kev txiav txim siab seb cov khoom noj twg thiaj pub rau koj tus tsiaj, es tsis txhob txiav txim siab los ntawm kev xav.

Ntawm no yog ib qhov seem ntawm qee qhov miv cov khoom noj uas miv thiab cov khoom noj aub thiab txhais tau li cas.

Dhia rau lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb ntawm no:

Amino Acids

Arginine | Keebkwm | Isoleucine | Cawv qe | Lysine | Methionine | Phenylalanine | Taurine | Threonine | Simptophan | Valine | L-carnitine | L-lysine monohydrochloride | L-cysteine | DL-methionine

Tsiaj Khoom

Tsiaj Los Ntawm Khoom Noj Noj Mov | Tsiaj Khawb | Qiv Qiv Khoom Muag Khoom qe. | Nqaij | Nqaij thiab Nqaij Pluas Mov | Nqaij Los Ntawm Khoom - | Nqaij Noj Me. | Nqaij qaib | Nqaij qaib Ntawm-Khoom | Nqaij qaib Ntawm-Khoom Noj Me. | Nqaij qaib Noj Mov

Cov Rog / Roj Roj

Tsiaj Ua Rog | Txiv maj phaub roj | Roj Ntses | Glycerin | Xibtes Kauv Roj | Cov Roj Zaub

Cov pos hniav

Carrageenan | Kab Lia Vwj | Guum Gum | Xanthan ntawm cov pos hniav

Hydrolyzed Protein

Cov Khoom Cog Khoom

Cellulose

Cov nplej | Bran | Gluten | Hull | Noj Mov thiab Hmoov Nplej | Middlings (“Midds”) | Hmoov txhuv nplej siab

Pob kws | Tag nrho Pob Kws, Pob Kws Hauv Av, Pob Kws, thiab Pob Kws Hmoov | | Hmoov nplej pob kws | Pob kws Gluten

Cov Khoom Noob (Taum, Lentils, Peas, Taum ຖົ່ວ) | Peas | Pea Fiber | Pea Cag | Taum Hleb Hmoov | Taum pauv Hmoov nplej

Cag zaub | Beet Pulp | Cov Hmoov Cag Hmoov Cag Hmoov Tsis Zoo | Qos Nqaij Protein | Qos Yaj Yuam Hlua | Qos yaj ywm

Cov zaub mov

Boron | Tshuaj calcium | Tshuaj Choj | Chromium | Xauj | Tooj liab | Tshuaj fluorine | Iodine | Hlau | Hlau nplaum | Mwg Meb | Molybdenum | Phosphorous | Qab Zib | Ntsev / Dej Xaws Sodium Chloride | Selenium | Ntsev | Cov leej faj | Zinc

Tej Yam Hmoov Tsis Zoo

Khaws cia

Dag Ua Yeeb Yam | Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA) | Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT) | Ethoxyquin |

Tshuaj Kho Kom Raug Mob Zoo | Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) | Calcium Propionate | Sib xyaw Tocopherols

Neeg lawb dab

Bifidobacteria | Enterococcus | Lactobacillus

Cov vitamins

L-Ascorbyl-2-Polyphosphate | Menadione Sodium Bisulfate Complex | Vitamin B₇ (Biotin)

Amino Acids

Qhov tseem ceeb amino acids yog cov uas yuav tsum tau muab los ntawm tsiaj lub khoom noj. Lawv tuaj yeem muaj nyob hauv cov tsiaj lossis cog ntoo cov txiaj ntsig, txhais tau tias koj yuav tsis pom lawv cov npe, lossis ntxiv rau lawv tus kheej, hauv qhov xwm txheej koj yuav pom lawv npe.

Muaj 10 qhov tseem ceeb amino acids rau rau miv thiab dev, thiab ib qho yog qhov tseem ceeb rau miv²:

1. Arginine
2. Keebkwm
3. Isoleucine
4. Xauj
5. Lysine
6. Methionine
7. Phenylalanine
8. Taurine (qhov tseem ceeb rau miv)
9. Threonine
10. Tryptophan
11. Vwm

Ua raws li cov khoom xyaw ntawm cov tsiaj yug tsiaj, lwm yam tsis tseem ceeb amino acids tseem tuaj yeem raug ntxiv los xyuas kom meej tias cov zaub mov muaj zaub mov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab txhawb nqa qee yam kev noj qab haus huv.

Lwm feem ntau ntxiv cov amino acids muaj xws li:

• L-carnitine (rau kev tswj lub cev noj qab nyob zoo)
• L-lysine monohydrochloride
• L-cysteine
• DL-methionine
• Taurine (tuaj yeem muab ntxiv rau cov khoom noj rau cov dev)

Tsiaj Khoom (Nqaij)

Txhua yam tsiaj ua ntxiv rau cov khoom noj tsiaj yog txhais thiab piav qhia los ntawm AAFCO.¹ Txhua tus tuaj yeem muab cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov protein thiab amino acids, thiab hauv qhov ntau txaus, ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm protein ntawm cov dev thiab miv.

Cov khoom noj tsiaj kev lag luam siv ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov tsiaj uas tsis tau noj los ntawm tib neeg tab sis tseem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab nquag siv los ntawm peb canine thiab feline cov phooj ywg cov tsiaj qus. Qhov no pab txhim kho nqaij tag nrho los ua qhov kev coj ua ntxiv mus.

Cov Tsiaj Noj Hauv Tsiaj: Muab tso (lossis ua tiav) cov khoom los ntawm cov tsiaj cov nqaij, tsis suav nrog plaub hau, hooves, horn, nkaum, quav tsiaj lossis plab hnyuv (GI).

Kev zom tsiaj: Cov khoom siv uas ua los ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg lossis cov enzymatic ua rau kev tu tsiaj huv, tsis suav nrog plaub hau, tshuab raj, hniav, hooves, thiab tsiaj plaub.

Qiv Cov Khoom Quav: Cov qe uas tau sib cais los ntawm lub khauj khaum thiab ziab muab qhov ua tiav zoo ntawm cov protein thiab cov rog, muaj tag nrho cov amino acids tseem ceeb thiab fatty acids.

Nqaij: Huv cov leeg (pob txha, tus nplaig, diaphragm, lub siab, txoj hlab nqos) los ntawm cov tsiaj, nrog lossis tsis nrog cov rog, cov tawv nqaij, cov leeg ntshav, thiab cov hlab ntshav.

Nqaij thiab Pob Txha: Rendered (lossis ua tiav) cov khoom los ntawm cov nqaij mos thiab cov pob txha, tsis suav nrog plaub hau, hooves, horn, nkaum, quav, lossis cov ntsiab lus GI.

Nqaij Los Ntawm Khoom: Huv si, tsis qhia (qhov tsis tau ua) ntawm cov tsiaj ntawm cov tsiaj uas tsis yog nqaij, feem ntau muaj cov kabmob, ntshav, thiab pob txha thiab tsis suav nrog plaub hau, tshuab raj, hniav, thiab pob tshab.

Nqaij Pluas Noj: Khoom ua tiav (lossis ua tiav) cov khoom siv los ntawm cov nqaij ua plaub, tsis suav nrog plaub hau, hooves, horn, nkaum, quav lossis lossis GI cov ntsiab lus.

Nqaij qaib: Huv cov leeg (pob txha, tus nplaig, diaphragm, lub siab, txoj hlab nqos) los ntawm nqaij qaib, nrog lossis tsis nrog cov rog, cov tawv nqaij, leeg, thiab cov hlab ntshav.

Nqaij qaib Ntawm-Khoom: Huv si ntawm cov tsiaj tua tsiaj, nrog rau lub taub hau, taw, kabmob, thiab lub cev ntaj ntsug.

Nqaij qaib Nqaij Tshuaj Los Ntawm Khoom: Muab tshuaj (los yog ua tiav) cov khoom los ntawm cov nqaij qaib; tuaj yeem suav caj dab, ko taw, qe tsis tau txhim kho, kabmob, thiab tag nrho lub cev, tab sis tsis suav cov plaub.

Nqaij qaib Noj: Muaj khoom (lossis ua tiav) cov khoom los ntawm cov nqaij qaib, tsis suav lub taub hau, ko taw, kabmob, thiab plaub.

Cov Rog / Roj Roj

Cov rog yuav tsis muaj lub koob npe zoo, tab sis lawv yuav tsum muaj thiab ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig ntau hauv cov khoom noj tsiaj:

• Ua rau qhov chaw zoo ntawm lub zog
• Muab 2.25 npaug rau calories ntau tshaj li cov protein lossis carbohydrates
• Pab rau kev nqus ntawm cov vitamins-rog, A, E, D, thiab K
• Muab cov khoom tseem ceeb omega-3 thiab omega-6 fatty acids
• Ntxiv palatability rau cov zaub mov

Omega-3 thiab Omega-6

Qhov feem ntawm qhov tseem ceeb omega-3 thiab omega-6 roj ntawm cov roj ntau yam yog qhov tseem ceeb vim tias qhov sib npaug no pab tua kom tsis txhob mob. Omega-3s yog antioxidants, thiab cov zaub mov ntau dua hauv omega-3s tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov tawv nqaij, plaub hau, pob qij txha, thiab lwm yam.⁴

Cov tsiaj rog: Cov no tuaj yeem tshwm ntawm cov ntawv lo nrog cov kev cai tshwj xeeb (piv txwv, nqaij qaib, nqaij nyug, nqaij npuas, thiab lwm yam) lossis tsis raug txheeb xyuas (piv txwv, "rog rog" lossis "rog rog rog"). Cov tsiaj yug menyuam thiab cov nqaij qaib muaj qhov zoo dua ntawm cov omega-6 fatty acids, hos qhov chaw ntses nyob hauv omega-3s ntau dua.

Txiv maj phaub roj lossis txiv maj phaub roj: Cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau qhia txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm "cov xov nruab nrab-triglycerides" hauv kev noj zaub mov rau cov dev laus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov neeg muaj peev xwm canine ua rau tsis ua haujlwm, vim lawv txhawb txoj kev nco thiab lub peev xwm tsom.⁵

Roj Ntses: Yuav muaj qhov chaw tau teev cia, xws li cov roj salmon, lossis qhia ua "roj roj." Cov roj ntses muab ntau cov omega-3 fatty acids. Cov no suav nrog docosahexaenoic acid thiab eicosapentaenoic acid, thiab cov lus qhia yuav raug teev meej meej hauv Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Nyiaj Txiag ntawm daim ntawv qhia khoom noj tsiaj.

Glycerin: Lub zom zaws muaj los ntawm cov rog thiab cov roj uas tau ntxiv los pab tswj cov dej hauv cov khoom noj kom tawv (ib puag ncig lossis cov kaus poom).

Roj zaub: Yuav muaj cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb, xws li canola, paj noob hlis, lossis cov roj safflower, lossis qhia ua "roj zaub." Cov roj zaub feem ntau muaj ntau cov omega-6 fatty acids.

Cov pos hniav

Cov pos hniav tshwm sim hauv cov tsiaj cov khoom noj yog:

• Carrageenan
• Cassia ntawm cov pos hniav
• Cov pos hniav Guar
• Xanthan ntawm cov pos hniav

Cov no yog qhov chaw ntawm cov tshuaj fiber ntau uas ua rau muaj qhov quav thiab dej ntau ntxiv ntawm cov quav thiab nce ntau ntxiv ntawm cov xov luv fatty acids (SCFAs). SCFAs yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub zog rau lub hlwb ntawm txoj hnyuv, thiab lawv pab txhawb kom muaj dej thiab electrolyte nqus nyob rau hauv txoj hnyuv loj.⁶

Hydrolyzed Protein

Cov nplua nuj muaj protein ntau tau los ntawm cov zaub ua kua zaub (taum pauv, pob kws, hom qoob mog) los yog plaub qaib.

Cov khoom siv tau yog ua kom sov thiab cov txheej txheem siv tshuaj los tsim cov khoom muaj cov protein-qhov hnyav-tsawg uas yog:

• Heev zom
• Yooj yim nqus
• Yooj yim muaj peev xwm

Hydrolyzed protein yog pom nyob rau hauv hypoallergenic tsiaj cov khoom noj. Kev siv cov hydrolyzed tsiaj muaj tis muaj qhov txiaj ntsig ntxiv los ntawm kev muab cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm protein.²

Cov Khoom Cog Khoom

Cov khoom cog cog tuaj yeem muab cov khoom siv protein thiab / lossis carbohydrates / fiber ntau, nyob ntawm hom thiab nws siv li cas.

Cellulose

Feem ntau hu ua "cov hmoov cellulose," nws yog los ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm cov nroj tsuag fibrous thiab muab cov khoom zoo ntawm cov tshuaj fiber ntau. Qhov no ntxiv ntau rau kev noj haus, uas muaj satiation (zoo nkaus li tau tag nrho tom qab noj mov).

Cellulose tseem ntxiv rau cov khoom noj kom miv cov plaub hau kom tsawg. Nws nqus dej rau hauv GI cov kab mob thiab pab cov plaub hau, noj thaum tu lub cev, kom txav mus los thiab muaj dej hauv cov quav.

Cov nplej

Cov nplej hauv cov khoom noj tsiaj muaj xws li:

• Barley
• Pob kws
• Oats
• Mov
• Rye
• Cov nplej

Tseem grain thiab Refined grain

Cov nplej yog cais raws li “tag nrho cov noob qoob loo,” txhais tau hais tias txhua qhov ntawm cov noob yog muaj (kab mob, ceg, thiab xeb), lossis txhais tau tias “ua kom zoo dua,” txhais tau tias lawv ua tiav nrog cov kab mob thiab cov ceg.

Cov hmoov nplej endosperm muaj gluten thiab hmoov txhuv nplej siab. Cov ntau yam ntawm cov nplej tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom xyaw hauv cov khoom noj miv thiab cov khoom noj aub, thiab txhua tus muab lub hom phiaj sib txawv thiab cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo.

Cov no yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum xav txog qee yam tsiaj hauv kev noj qab haus huv. Piv txwv, mob ntshav qab zib, txo cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab (pom hauv kev ua kom tsis txhob mob) kom txo cov ntshav qab zib kom tsawg yog qhov lub hom phiaj. Thiab thaum tswj kev rog, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom zoo rau cov zaub mov muaj txiaj ntsig kom pab tus tsiaj kom hnov nws lub zog tag nrho yam tsis tas muab cov calories ntau ntxiv.

Grain Los-Khoom

Tug: Qhov no yog txheej txheej sab nraud ntawm cov nplej, tsuas yog hauv qab lub hull. Muaj nyob hauv cov nplej ntev lossis nplej xim av thiab tshem tawm hauv kev ua cov khoom noj dawb. Qhov zoo ntawm cov fiber, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins, thiab cov zaub mov.

Gluten: Ib hom protein nyob hauv endosperm nplej, tom qab cov hmoov txhuv nplej tau raug tshem tawm, uas muab qhov muaj thiab tsis muaj nqi ntawm cov protein nyob hauv cov tsiaj yug tsiaj. Piv txwv li, 1 gram ntawm pob kws gluten pluas noj muaj kwv yees li 50% ntau dua protein ntau dua 1 gram ntawm nqaij qaib.

Hulls: Tawv sab npog ntawm cov nplej uas muab ib qhov ntawm insoluble fiber / roughage. Cov roj insoluble nce ntau thiab khov kho ntawm cov quav tab sis nqus dej.

Pluag Mov thiab Hmoov Nplej: Cov nplej hauv av (tag nrho lossis ua kom zoo zoo), qhov twg noj mov yog coarser zom dua hmoov nplej. Yog tias nws los ntawm cov noob nplej ua kom zoo, txhais tau hais tias cov nqaj thiab cov noob tau raug tshem tawm, pluas mov / hmoov nplej yuav muaj cov ntsiab lus zoo.

Middlings ("midds"): Cov khoom me me tau tsim thaum lub sij hawm kev zom cov nplej uas muaj cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab thiab cov khoom siv zoo ntawm cov protein, fiber ntau, phosphorous, thiab lwm yam khoom noj haus zoo.

Hmoov nplej: Lwm feem cuam ntawm cov hmoov nplej endosperm, ib sab ntawm gluten. Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab yog cov muaj cov carbohydrate yooj yim uas muab los ntawm lub zog.

Pob kws

Pob kws tuaj yeem suav nrog cov khoom noj tsiaj hauv cov ntawv no:

• Tag nrho
• Qhov av
• Noj Mov
• Hmoov nplej
• Hmoov txhuv nplej siab
• Gluten

Tag Nrho Pob Kws, Pob Kws Hauv Av, Pob Kws, thiab Hmoov Pob Kws: Thaum raug txiav tiav, cov no muab cov khoom noj tau yooj yim zom tau cov carbohydrates uas tau siv los ntawm dev rau lub zog.

Ua kom qis dua cov khoom yog hauv av, (hmoov nplej> pluas mov> hauv av), qhov yooj yim dua zom nws yog.

Tag nrho cov foos no tseem muaj cov protein thiab amino acids, linoleic acid (omega-6 qhov tseem ceeb fatty acids), thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv antioxidant (beta-carotene, vitamin E).

Pob kws nplej: Ua los ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ntawm cov pob kws pob kws, nws tuaj yeem siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev tuab rau cov khoom noj rau cov dev thiab tau tshaj tawm tias yog daim ntawv tsawg tshaj plaws.³

Pob kws Gluten: Cov khoom muaj protein tsawg tsawg thiab siv tau.

Ob txhais ceg

Cov legumes uas muaj hauv cov khoom noj muaj taum mog, lentils, taum, thiab taum, thiab lawv feem ntau yog siv los hloov pauv ntawm cov nplej hauv cov khoom noj uas tsis muaj tsiaj pub khoom noj.

Legume Ntawm-Cov Khoom

Taum Fiber: Muab los ntawm hauv av pea hulls thiab muab cov khoom zoo ntawm ob qho tib si insoluble thiab soluble fiber.

Taum mog Protein: Ib qho protein ntau zoo muab rho tawm los ntawm cov taum mog uas muab cov hlau thiab ntau ntawm cov amino acids tseem ceeb, suav nrog lysine. Cov hlau thiab lysine yog ob qho tseem ceeb rau cov leeg nqaij muaj zog thiab lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog.

Hmoov nplej: Qhov no yog cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab tiv taum, cais cov protein tivthaiv thiab hull. Muab cov khoom siv khov kho ntawm lub zog thiab hlau.

Hmoov nplej: Qhov feem ntawm cov taum pauv tom qab cov roj tau raug tshem tawm thiab cov taum pauv hauv av mus ua hmoov zoo. Soybean hmoov yog qhov zoo ntawm cov protein, muaj ntau yam tseem ceeb amino acids, fiber ntau, fatty acids uas yog, qee cov vitamins B, thiab cov zaub mov zoo li potassium.

Cag zaub

Beet sis plawv hniav: Beet pulp yog fibrous by-product sab laug dua los ntawm qab zib beet ua. Nws yog qhov zoo ntawm ob qho tib si insoluble thiab soluble fiber, muab cov fecal zoo sib xws thiab muaj txiaj ntsig nrov nrov volatile fatty acids.

Hmoov nplej Cagava: Cov qos ntoo yog cov hauv paus siav, qhuav, thiab hauv av kom tsim tau cov hmoov nplej zoo. Qhov no muab cov pa roj carbon fiber rau lub zog thiab qhov chaw ntawm pob zeb hauv av, suav nrog hlau, manganese, thiab zinc. Feem ntau siv hauv cov khoom noj tsis muaj nplej.

Protein Qos: Cov protein ua kom nyeem tau zoo los ntawm cov qos yaj ywm dawb. Cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov protein rau kev haus tshuaj me me.

Qos yaj ywm hmoov: Qos yaj ywm hmoov nplej tau ntxiv rau cov zaub mov tsis muaj nplej uas yog lwm txoj hauv kev rau grain. Nws suav hais tias yog "muaj hmoov txhuv nplej siab," txhais tau tias nws tiv taus plab hauv plab hnyuv me, uas yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm txoj hnyuv thiab txhawb cov neeg muaj mob ntawm cov kab mob hnyuv ("prebiotic"). Txawm li cas los xij, cov txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv tsis tau pom tseeb hauv dev thiab miv.

Qos yaj ywm: Qos yaj ywm dawb lossis qab zib qos feem ntau muab cov khoom noj los ntawm cov carbohydrate lossis hmoov txhuv nplej siab, feem ntau siv hauv cov khoom noj tsis muaj nqaij tsiaj.

Cov zaub mov

Cov ntxhia pob zeb ntawm cov dev thiab miv yuav tsum tsis muaj qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom noj rau miv lossis dev, yog li cov zaub mov ib leeg ib txwm tau txuas ntxiv rau kev noj haus.

Muaj xya cov zaub mov macro:

1. Tshuaj calcium
2. Phosphorous
3. Hlau nplaum
4. Kev Sodium
5. Qab Zib
6. Chloride
7. Tub Lauj

Muaj cov 11 cov ntxhia minerals:

1. Hlau
2. Zinc
3. Tooj liab
4. Mangas Yog Poj Ntsuam
5. Molybdenum
6. Selenium
7. Iodine
8. Cob Tsib
9. Tshuaj fluorine
10. Chromium
11. Boron

Muaj ntau cov tshuaj ntxhia tau muaj raws li kev siv tshuaj lom neeg (piv txwv, calcium carbonate) lossis raws li chelated (txuas nrog) rau cov cab kuj sib xyaw zoo li cov amino acid (piv txwv li, zinc methionine, ferrous sulfate).

Ntsev (Sodium Chloride): Nws ntxiv rau hauv qee cov ntawv qhia kom kho tsiaj kom txhawb nqa nqhis dej thiab haus dej. Qhov no pab tsim kom muaj qhov ua rau lub cev tsis tshua pom tseeb, lossis tso zis ntau dhau ntawm cov zis, uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov kab mob ntawm lub tso zis, xws li mob raum lossis pab kho cov pob zeb zais zis.²

Tej Yam Hmoov Tsis Zoo

Cov tshuaj tsw qab ntuj tau ntxiv rau tsiaj cov khoom noj kom txhim kho palatability thiab tuaj yeem suav nrog txuj lom, khoom noj, thiab poov xab.

Khaws cia

Cov tshuaj khaws cia tau ntxiv rau cov tsiaj cov khoom noj kom tswj tau qhov zoo, xim, thiab lub txee ntev-lub neej ntev. Muaj li cov khoom ntxiv cuav lossis cov khoom siv hauv lub cev, tab sis ntuj nyiam ua haujlwm tsawg dua, txhais tau tias cov khoom lag luam yuav muaj lub neej ua haujlwm luv dua yog tias tsis muaj cov khoom siv tshuaj pleev ib ce.⁷

Cov Tshuaj Kho Khoom Dag Dawb suav nrog:

• Ethoxyquin

• BHA

• BHT

Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Tau Zoo Muaj:

• Cov tshuaj calcium propionate

• Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C)
• Sib xyaw tocopherols (tseem yog ib qho txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov vitamin E)

Neeg lawb dab

Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ntxiv cov kab mob muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov tsiaj yug zaub mov yog txhawm rau txhawb kev noj qab haus huv GI los ntawm kev tiv thaiv thiab kho mob txoj hnyuv thiab mob plab hnyuv, thiab ua kom tsis txhob muaj kev phiv zaub mov.

Cov kab mob uas nquag muaj nyob hauv cov probiotic formulations rau cov dev suav nrog hom kab⁸ ntawm:

• Lactobacillus

• Bifidobacteria

• Enterococcus

Cov vitamins

Nyob ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom noj tsiaj, cov vitamins yuav muab ntxiv kom ntseeg tau tias cov dev thiab / lossis miv cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig tau muaj thiab / lossis los txhawb qee yam kev noj qab haus huv.

Feem ntau ntawm cov npe ntawm cov vitamins ntxiv ncaj tshaj plaws rau ntawm daim ntawv lo khoom noj tsiaj, nyiam Vitamin B₇ (biotin).

Txawm li cas los xij, ob peb lub npe vitamin tuaj yeem pom ntau dua:

• L-ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate muab ib qhov chaw ntawm cov vitamins C.
• Sib xyaw tocopherols muab ib qhov chaw ntawm cov vitamin E.
• Menadione sodium bisulfate txoj muab ib qhov chaw ntawm cov vitamin K.

Ua tim khawv

1. AAFCO 2020 Kev Luam Ntawv Tshaj Lij. Champaign, IL. Koom Haum ntawm Asmeskas Pab Tswj Kev Tswj Xyuas, Inc. 2020; 759.

2. Tes Tes MS, Thatcher CD, Remillard RL, li al. (Eds.) Cov Tsiaj Khoom Noj Me Me. Thib 5 tsab. Topeka, KS: Mark Morris Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv.

3. Olivry T, Bexley J. Cornstarch muaj tsawg dua allergenic dua li cov hmoov nplej pob kws hauv cov dev thiab miv yav tas los tsis yooj yim rau cov pob kws. BMC Vet Res. 2018. 14 (207).

4. Bauer JE. Cov ncauj lus txog sijhawm hauv kev noj haus: Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev noj haus omega-3 fatty acids uas yog nyob hauv dev. JAVMA. Xyoo 2016. 249 (11): 1267-1272.

5. Lub Tsib Hlis KA, Laflamme DP. Khoom noj khoom haus thiab lub hlwb laus ntawm cov dev thiab miv. JAVMA. 2019. 255 (11): 1245-1254.

6. Donadelli RA, Titgemeyer EC, Aldrich CG. Cov teeb meem organic ploj thiab tsim tawm ntawm luv luv-thiab branched-fatty acids uas yog los ntawm cov khoom siv fiber ntau uas siv hauv cov khoom noj tsiaj los ntawm canine hauv vitro fermentation qauv. J Anim Sci. 2019. 97 (11): 4532-4539.

7. Gross KL, Bollinger R, Thawnghmung P, li al. Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm peb cov kev tiv thaiv sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom noj dev extruded uas raug rau cov chaw hauv huab cua sov thiab siab. J Nutr. 1994. 124 (S12): 2638A-2642S.

8. Grzeskowiak L, Endo A, Beasley S, li al. Microbiota thiab probiotics hauv canine thiab feline welfare. Anaerobe. 2015. 34: 14-23. doi: 10.1016 / j.anaerobe.2015.04.002.