Ua Li Cas Ob Lub Qhov Muag Dev Muaj Qhov Txawv Ntawm Tib Neeg Lub Qhov Muag

2024 Tus sau: Daisy Haig | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:09

los ntawm Kellie B. Gormly

Thaum peb tig lub teeb thiab mus pw thaum hmo ntuj, ci ntsa iab los ntawm lub hli lossis txaj nyob ib ncig ntawm lub moos ua rau peb ua cov duab tsaus nti, zoo li tus qauv ntawm peb cov dev.

Tab sis koj tus dev puas tuaj yeem pom koj zoo dua li koj tuaj yeem pom nws hauv qhov tsaus ntuj? Lossis nws puas tuaj yeem tsis pom koj ntau thaum nws tsaus ntuj?

Ntau tus tswv dev nug cov lus no, xav paub lawv plaub qhov ntsej muag zoo nkauj npaum li cas ua haujlwm. Dr. Eric J. Miller, tus pab xibfwb qhia txog kev tua kabmob sib luag ntawm Ohio State University Veterinary Medical Center, tuaj yeem piav qhia ntau yam ntawm cov kws kho tsheb. Tab sis raws li hais dhau los, nws hais tias, kev pom lub aub yuav khaws cia lub caij nyoog tsis meej. Tom qab tag nrho, peb tsis yog dev, thiab lawv tsis tuaj yeem piav qhia peb rau peb.

Miller hais tias "Peb yuav tsum tau ceev faj thaum kwv yees tias cov tsiaj twg pom 'pom' vim peb tsis paub tias lawv lub hlwb txhais los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nws tau txais dab tsi," Miller hais. "Peb to taub zoo yam lawv lub qhov muag muaj peev xwm, thiab nws yuav pom tias lawv lub hlwb txhais tau ib yam zoo ib yam li peb lub, tab sis peb tsis paub tiag tiag."

Nov yog cov kws kho tsiaj kom paub: Anatomically thiab ua tau zoo, tus dev lub qhov muag zoo ib yam li tib neeg lub qhov muag thiab tuaj yeem pom hauv qhov tsaus zoo ib yam li peb ua tau li cas. Koj tus dev lub qhov muag muaj pob qhov muag, me nyuam kawm ntawv, lens, retina, thiab pas nrig thiab cones. Vim hais tias ntawm lub qhov muag qhov chaw nyob rau sab xub ntiag ntawm lub taub hau-kos npe ntawm cov tsiaj ua ntej es tsis yog tus tsiaj raug tsim txom, uas muaj qhov muag sib nrug deb-cov dev muaj qhov tsis pom kev zoo xws li tib neeg ua, thiab kev nkag siab tob tob zoo, Miller hais.

Nws hais tias, cov dev cia siab rau lwm qhov kev hnov - tshwj xeeb hnov ntxhiab-kom paub txog lawv ib puag ncig zoo dua li peb ua, ob qhov tsaus ntuj thiab pom kev, Miller hais.

Zoo li nrog tib neeg lub qhov muag, lub teeb nkag mus rau hauv lub qhov muag thiab tom qab ntawd tus tub ntxhais kawm, uas nthuav tawm thiab sib cog lus los tswj cov nyiaj hauv lub teeb nkag, nws hais. Lub teeb tom qab dhau los ntawm lo ntsiab muag thiab ntaus rau retina, qhov twg teeb yog tiav.

Miller hais tias qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm dev thiab tib neeg lub qhov muag, thiab muaj peev xwm pom kev hmo ntuj, muaj nyob hauv retina, uas muaj cov qws hlwb thiab cov hlwb hlaws uas txhais tau lub teeb. Cov pas nrig sib cuam tshuam nrog qhov muag pom qis thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm txheej txheem lub teeb ci thiab qhov muag pom xim. Cov dev muaj lub zeem muag zoo dua hauv qhov tsaus ntuj vim tias lawv cov retinas yog tus thawj coj, thaum peb tus kheej yog tus ua yam dab, Miller hais.

Ntxiv rau qhov ntau ntawm cov pas nrig qias-teeb, cov dev muaj cov nqaij hauv qab lawv cov retina hu ua tapetum lucidum. Cov ntaub so ntswg no pab lawv siv hluav taws xob qis dua zoo dua li peb ua, nws hais.

"Yog li cia li, lawv tsis pom nyob rau hauv dub dub yog, tab sis tuaj yeem pom zoo dua nyob rau hauv qis teeb pom kev zoo los yog lub teeb qias tshaj li peb tuaj yeem vim muaj qhov sib txawv," Miller hais.

Txawm li cas los xij, vim tias cov dev muaj ntau cov pas nrig thiab tsawg tus cones hauv lawv cov retinas, lawv muaj qhov tsis tshua pom xim, Miller tau hais. Tib neeg lub qhov muag yog trichromatic, lub ntsiab lus lawv muaj peb qhov sib txawv ntawm cones uas nqus sib txawv wavelengths ntawm lub teeb. Qhov ntawd cia tib neeg feem coob pom xim los ntawm liab mus rau xim violet. Aub, hloov pauv, yog dichromatic, nrog ob hom cones. Cov dev ces tej zaum yuav pom cov xim xiav thiab xim daj, tab sis yog cov xim-xws li ntsuab, daj, thiab liab-tej zaum yuav sib xyaw ua ke thiab zoo li yog tib xim, Miller hais.

"Yog li lawv muaj lub zeem muag xim thiab tej zaum yuav yog zoo li qee tus neeg uas tsis pom kev xim thiab tsis muaj peev xwm sib txawv qee qhov xim xws li xim ntsuab thiab xim liab," Miller piav qhia.

Raws li txoj kev tshawb no, cov kws tshawb nrhiav Lavxias tau luam tawm plaub daim ntawv, hauv qhov tsaus ntuj thiab lub teeb xiav, thiab tsaus thiab lub teeb daj. Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tau ua txoj kev ntxoov ntxoo nrog ib qho ntawm cov nqaij nyoos hauv lub thawv pub mis, tab sis tsuas yog ib lub thawv tau xauv. Cov dev tau kawm los ua kom sib txuas nrog cov xim nrog cov nqaij; tom qab ntawv, cov kws tshawb nrhiav hloov xim. Yog tias thawj xim tau tsaus daj, tam sim no cov nqaij xim yuav tsaus xiav lossis lub teeb daj. Tom qab ntawd, nws tau xav tias, yog tias tus dev mus tom qab daim ntawv xiav tsaus, nws tau cim cia lub ci ci; yog tias nws mus rau lub teeb daj, tus dev tau cim lub xim txuam nrog nqaij.