Tu miv 2024, Kaum ib hlis

Kev Yuag Miv: Yuav Pab Tau Koj Tus Miv Poob Phaus Li Cas

Kev Yuag Miv: Yuav Pab Tau Koj Tus Miv Poob Phaus Li Cas

Puas yog koj cia siab tias yuav pab koj tus miv poob phaus? Nov yog lus qhia los ntawm kws kho tsiaj Krista Seraydar ntawm kev noj haus miv thiab yuav ua li cas pab koj tus miv kom poob ceeb thawj

Zinc Lom Hauv Miv

Zinc Lom Hauv Miv

Zinc yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yuav tsum muaj kev tswj hwm tus miv kom zoo. Nws tseem yog qhov ua kom tuag thiab ua rau muaj kuab lom hauv cov miv thaum nqus tau ntawm ntau. Feem ntau hu ua cov zinc lom, nws tshwm sim thaum tus miv noj ib qho khoom noj uas tsis muaj cov zinc-cov khoom

Cov Kab Mob Lub Plab / Kauj Raum (Calcium Phosphate) Hauv Cov Cwm

Cov Kab Mob Lub Plab / Kauj Raum (Calcium Phosphate) Hauv Cov Cwm

Thaum cov pob zeb (uroliths) tsim nyob rau hauv lub tso zis, nws xa mus rau raws li urolithiasis. Muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm cov pob zeb no pom hauv miv - ntawm lawv, cov uas tau ua los ntawm calcium phosphate

Tshuaj Lom D Vitamin Lom Hauv Miv

Tshuaj Lom D Vitamin Lom Hauv Miv

Vitamin D yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm cov calcium thiab phosphorous sib npaug hauv koj tus miv lub cev. Nws kuj tseem txhawb nqa kev tuav pov hwm cov calcium, yog li pab txhim kho pob txha thiab cov hlab ntsha thiab cov leeg tswj. Thaum noj nyob rau hauv cov qib exorbitant, txawm li cas los xij, qhov no vitamin-fat-soluble vitamin (i.e., khaws cia hauv cov rog nqaij ntawm lub cev thiab daim siab) tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob loj

Vitamin A Tshuaj Lom Hauv Miv

Vitamin A Tshuaj Lom Hauv Miv

Vitamin A yog qhov tseem ceeb rau miv lub zeem muag hmo ntuj zoo li zoo rau lub cev noj qab haus huv. Nws kuj txhawb nqa lub cev tiv thaiv miv lub cev thiab muaj cov khoom ua antioxidant tseem ceeb, uas pab tiv thaiv lub cev tiv thaiv kev ua qias tuaj, kev tsim mob cancer, thiab lwm yam kab mob. Yog hais tias noj nyob rau hauv theem exorbitant, Txawm li cas los, vitamin A yuav ua tau lom

Vaginal Muaj Mob Hauv Cov Tsiaj

Vaginal Muaj Mob Hauv Cov Tsiaj

Kuj tseem hu ua vaginitis, qhov mob ntawm lub paum yuav tshwm sim tsis hais hnub nyoog li cas thiab ib hom tsiaj twg. Nws yog, txawm li cas los, feem ntau pom hauv cov dev es tsis yog miv

Ureter Lub Pob Zeb Nyob Hauv Miv

Ureter Lub Pob Zeb Nyob Hauv Miv

Ureterolithiasis mob hlwb Kev mob Ureterolithiasis yog ib txoj kev mob uas yuav tsim cov pob zeb uas yuav laim rau lub qhov zis, ua rau txhaws. Txoj hlab leeg uas txuas lub raum mus rau lub zais zis, txoj hlab zis kuj tseem tso zis tawm ntawm lub raum mus rau lub zais zis

Cov Kab Mob Bacterial (Tyzzer Disease) Hauv Cov Cats

Cov Kab Mob Bacterial (Tyzzer Disease) Hauv Cov Cats

Tus mob Tyzzer yog ib tug kab mob txaus ntshai tshaj plaws. Nws tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob hu ua Clostridium piliformis, uas yog xav kom muaj ntau ntxiv hauv cov hnyuv thiab ib zaug mus txog lub siab, ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj

Pob Ntseg Pob Ntseg Pob Ntseg - Cov Ntsej Muag Hauv Pob Ntseg Ntawm Cov Menyuam

Pob Ntseg Pob Ntseg Pob Ntseg - Cov Ntsej Muag Hauv Pob Ntseg Ntawm Cov Menyuam

Tsuas yog kev sib ntaus cov kab mob, feem ntau pob ntseg mob hauv miv yog qhov nws tus kheej raug khawb los ntawm khawb. Qhov no tuaj yeem tawm lub pob ntseg kub thiab khaus. Kawm paub ntau ntxiv txog Miv Pob Ntsej Puag Mob ntawm petMD.com

Miv Lub Cim Thib Peb Hluag Qhia & Lwm Tus Cuam Tshob Qhov Muag

Miv Lub Cim Thib Peb Hluag Qhia & Lwm Tus Cuam Tshob Qhov Muag

Yog tias koj tus miv thib daim tawv muag tau qhia los yog nws muaj qhov muag o, nws yuav tsum tau hais tawm sai li sai tau. Kawm ntxiv txog kev raug mob miv qhov muag ntawm petMD

Xaiv Qhov Zoo Tshaj Plaws Pub Rau Koj Tus Miv

Xaiv Qhov Zoo Tshaj Plaws Pub Rau Koj Tus Miv

Kev tu cov miv tsis yog ib qho yooj yim uas nws saib los ntawm sab nraud. Mam li nco dheev, koj pom koj tus kheej nyob hauv miv kab kev ntxhov siab ntawm pob ntseg, tshuaj zawv plaub hau, kho … Thiab thaum koj tau thaum kawg khaws cov khoom noj kom raug miv, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab saib txoj kev pub twg uas koj yuav siv. Muaj ob txoj hauv kev, ob qho ntawm lawv muaj lawv tus kheej cov txiaj ntsig thiab qhov tsis zoo

Cov Khoom Noj Kom Zoo Rau Kittens

Cov Khoom Noj Kom Zoo Rau Kittens

Kittens xav tau qee yam as-ham txha loj hlob txha pob txha thiab nqaij, txhawm rau pub lawv lub hlwb loj hlob, thiab tsim kev tiv thaiv lawv lub cev. Muaj ntau cov zaub mov ntawm lub khw. Qee cov khoom noj tau ua pov thawj rau qee theem ntawm lub neej, thiab lawv hais ntau li ntau rau hauv lub ntim, thaum lwm cov zaub mov zoo li npog tag nrho hauv lub neej ntawm kev txhim kho

Kev Noj Qab Nyob Zoo Xav Tau Ntawm Cov Neeg Laus

Kev Noj Qab Nyob Zoo Xav Tau Ntawm Cov Neeg Laus

as our cats age, they go through a lot of significant physical changes. their nutritional requirements change as well. the lack of knowledge in the area of animal physiology has led many pet owners to unknowingly overfeed their aging pets, which has led to a growing population of overweight and obese pets and the illnesses that accompany these conditions

Flea Tswj Cov Khoom Lom

Flea Tswj Cov Khoom Lom

Muaj ntau cov dev mub tswj xyuas cov khoom muaj rau cov miv. Yog siv tsis raug, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau lom

Nyob Ze Ntawm Kev Poob Dej Hauv Miv

Nyob Ze Ntawm Kev Poob Dej Hauv Miv

Txawm hais tias feem ntau cov miv tsis xaiv mus ua luam dej, lawv muaj peev xwm ua luam dej tsis haum. Kev poob dej thiab nyob ze poob dej feem ntau yog tshwm sim thaum tus miv poob mus rau hauv dej thiab tsis tuaj yeem nrhiav ib qho chaw nce

Ua Kom Tiav Raws Li Thaum Noj Qab Nyob Zoo - Koj Thiab Koj Tus Menyuam

Ua Kom Tiav Raws Li Thaum Noj Qab Nyob Zoo - Koj Thiab Koj Tus Menyuam

Thaum xav txog tus nqi noj haus koj tus miv nrog rau tag nrho koj lwm yam kev siv nyiaj, nws yuav nyuaj rau nrhiav tau qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov twg yog qhov zoo rau koj tus miv thiab qhov twg yog qhov zoo rau koj cov peev nyiaj. Nrhiav cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws uas muaj, ntawm tus nqi tsim nyog, yog ua tau yog tias koj ua raws qee qhov ntsuas

Hluav Taws Xob Shock Raug Mob Ntawm Cov Menyuam

Hluav Taws Xob Shock Raug Mob Ntawm Cov Menyuam

Kev siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob (i.e., kev sib cuag ncaj qha hluav taws xob) tsis muaj rau miv, tshwj xeeb yog cov miv neeg laus. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tshwm sim rau qee lub sijhawm. Miv miv uas tab tom tawv los yog xav paub yog feem ntau yuav raug hluav taws xob raug mob los ntawm kev ntxo ntawm txoj hlua hluav taws xob

Txhawm Rau Hauv Miv - Heimlich Maneuver Rau Miv

Txhawm Rau Hauv Miv - Heimlich Maneuver Rau Miv

Kev zawm caj pas, txhawm chim yog thaum muaj ib yam dab tsi nyob hauv lub larynx lossis trachea, tiv thaiv kev ua pa. Qhov no tuaj yeem yuav ze li txhua yam, txawm tias ib qho khoom me me xws li cwj mem cwj mem, tswb, lossis thimble. Kawm ntxiv txog Miv Nyawm nyob Petmd.com

Cov Kab Mob Muaj Kab Mob (Tularemia) Hauv Cats

Cov Kab Mob Muaj Kab Mob (Tularemia) Hauv Cats

Tularemia, lossis mob ua npaws, yog tus mob zoonotic uas pom qee zaus hauv miv. Nws cuam tshuam nrog ntau hom tsiaj, nrog rau tib neeg, thiab tuaj yeem tau los ntawm kev sib chwv nrog cov tsiaj muaj tus kab mob. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem nqus tau los ntawm cov dej muaj kab mob, lossis los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog cov av muaj tus kab mob, qhov chaw tus kab mob tuaj yeem nyob hauv lub xeev sib kis tau ntev txog ob peb lub hlis

Xuas Xaj Thiab Daj Sib Tw Hauv Miv

Xuas Xaj Thiab Daj Sib Tw Hauv Miv

Nws tuaj yeem mob siab heev kom pom koj tus miv muaj qhov qaug dab peg. Hmoov zoo ib qho qaug dab peg feem ntau yog siv sijhawm luv, thiab koj tus miv tsis nco qab thaum ntog. Qaug dab peg tshwm sim thaum cov tshuaj electrochemical txawv txav hauv lub hlwb. Lawv tuaj yeem tshwm sim raws li ib qho kev tshwm sim, raws li pawg ntawm qaug dab peg hauv lub sijhawm luv luv, lossis nyob rau ntawm qhov rov muaj dua txhua ob asthiv lossis hli

Tshuaj Lom (nqos Tas) Hauv Civ

Tshuaj Lom (nqos Tas) Hauv Civ

Cia peb fim nws, koj tus miv yuav xav paub txog txhua yam tshiab tso rau hauv nws ib puag ncig. Nws yuav hnia qhov tshiab, tej zaum yaim nws. Yog hais tias nws lo rau nws lub qhov ntswg lossis tus nplaig, lossis yog nws qab nws zoo, yuav muaj feem yuav nqos nws. Cov miv kuj tseem yuav muab cov zaub mov muag pov tseg rau hauv cov thoob khib nyiab, lossis lwm qhov chaw uas lawv yuav pom nws, thiab hauv cov txheej txheem lawv kuj tseem yuav noj cov khoom txawv teb chaws uas yuav muaj nyob hauv. Cov khoom noj nqos no yuav tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi hlo li. Lossis, lawv yuav dhau los mus nyob hauv ib qho chaw hauv cov hnyuv th

Hawb Pob Hauv Cats

Hawb Pob Hauv Cats

Zoo heev rau tib neeg, miv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm hawb pob. Thaum nws tsog tawm, koj tus miv yuav hnoos thiab ua pa nyuaj (ua pa). Hawb pob yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lub ntsws vim tias ua xua. Lub plawv dhia hauv siab kuj tuaj yeem ua rau mob zoo ib yam hu ua Heartworm Associated Respiratory Disease (H.A.R.D.). Cov tsos mob thiab kho mob, yog li ntawd, zoo ib yam nkaus rau hawb pob thiab H.A.R.D

Protozoan Kab Mob (Trichomoniasis) Hauv Cats

Protozoan Kab Mob (Trichomoniasis) Hauv Cats

Tus mob Trichomoniasis yog ib tug mob los ntawm ib tug protozoan hu ua trichomonas. Nquag nyob thaj tsam ntawm lub plab hnyuv loj, trichomonas ua rau muaj mob ntawm cov hnyuv loj. Cov menyuam hluas uas hnub nyoog qis dua ib xyoos raug pov tseg ntau tshaj plaws los ntawm tus kabmob no. Kawm paub ntau ntxiv txog cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm tus kab mob hauv miv ntawm PetMD.com

Rat Poison Noj Quav Noj Hauv Moos

Rat Poison Noj Quav Noj Hauv Moos

Txawm hais tias tsim los tua nas thiab nas, cov miv feem ntau pom nas (cov nas thiab nas lom) kev ntxias thiab. Feem ntau (tab sis tsis yog tas nrho) cov tshuaj tua kab yog muaj cov tshuaj anticoagulants, yog ib hom tshuaj tiv thaiv cov ntshav txhaws los ntawm kev cuam tshuam nrog cov vitamin K, cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem txhaws. Thaum ntsuas hauv qhov ntau txaus los ntawm tus miv, nws ua rau los ntshav tshwm sim (los ntshav sab hauv, sab nraud los ntshav, lossis ob qho tib si). Yog tias tsis kho, qhov no yuav ua rau koj tus miv ploj

Cem Quav - Qhov Teeb Meem Swb Ntawm Miv

Cem Quav - Qhov Teeb Meem Swb Ntawm Miv

Cem quav yog qhov tsis muaj peev xwm tso quav ib txwm, uas ua rau muaj quav thiab / lossis tawv tawv, qhuav quav. Kawm ntxiv txog Miv cem quav ntawm PetMd.com

Yuav Ua Dab Tsi Txog Ntawm Cat Panting Thiab Hnyav Pa

Yuav Ua Dab Tsi Txog Ntawm Cat Panting Thiab Hnyav Pa

Cat panting yog qhov txawv txav thiab tshwm sim thaum nws cuam tshuam los ntawm dyspnea. Mus saib petMD thiab kawm seb yuav ua li cas thaum koj tus miv muaj teeb meem ua pa

Tshuaj Lom (Ntsiab Lus)

Tshuaj Lom (Ntsiab Lus)

Hu rau Dermatitis hauv miv Koj tus miv yaug tawm tsam txhua yam txhua hnub. Qhov no yog tus cwj pwm coj thiab tsuj tsawg ua rau muaj teeb meem. Yog tias nws yuav tsum txhuam tawm tsam qee yam uas tawm ntawm qhov seem ntawm cov plaub, txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav dhau los ua ib qho teeb meem loj. Cov tshuaj lom hauv cov tshuaj lom, lossis co toxins, ua rau tawv nqaij ua paug, uas feem ntau hu ua kev tiv thaiv dermatitis. Yog tias qhov kev puas tsuaj tau hnyav txaus, nws suav hais tias yog tshuaj lom neeg hlawv. Yog tias koj miv pov los yog nqos tau cov co toxins, nws lub qhov ncauj thiab lub plab zom mov tuaj yeem cuam ts

Tshuaj Lom (nqus Tau)

Tshuaj Lom (nqus Tau)

Nqus Tau Nqus Cuam Tshuam Cuam Tshuam Cov miv uas nqus tau pa tuaj yeem muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov miv. Feem ntau, cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw no yog cov qub uas yuav ua teeb meem rau tib neeg. Cov pa roj carbon monoxide, haus luam yeeb, pa taws los ntawm cov tshuaj ua kom huv thiab lwm yam khoom tu tsev, tshuaj tua kab tsuag, thiab lwm yam yog qee cov kuab lom kom nqus tau. Feem ntau ntawm cov tshuaj no ua rau ua pa rau txoj hlab pa. Piv txwv li, cov pa roj carbon monoxide, uas tsim tawm los ntawm kev tso tsheb, roj av, lub tso cua sov, thiab lwm yam, bl

Tshuaj Lom Nyob Rau Hauv Miv (Txheej Txheem Cej Luam)

Tshuaj Lom Nyob Rau Hauv Miv (Txheej Txheem Cej Luam)

Kev siv tshuaj lom, lossis tshuaj lom, feem ntau xav txog qee yam uas, yog tias nqos tau, yuav tua koj li ob peb feeb - qhov ntawd yog, tshwj tsis yog koj noj tshuaj tiv thaiv. Qhov no tsuas yog qee zaum muaj tseeb. Yuav luag txhua yam tshuaj uas muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau lub cev, txawm hais tias muaj hnub nyoog me me, tuaj yeem suav tias yog taug. Cov miv tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tawm raug lom tsis yog los ntawm kev noj lawv; tshuaj lom cov pa tuaj yeem nqus lossis nqus tau los ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Tsis yog txhua txhua lom yuav tuag taus. Feem ntau cov tshuaj lom tsis muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob; es, cov txheej txhee

Kuv Tus Miv Tsis Tau Pee! Nyuaj Tso Zis Muaj Mob Hauv Cov Tsiaj

Kuv Tus Miv Tsis Tau Pee! Nyuaj Tso Zis Muaj Mob Hauv Cov Tsiaj

Nyuaj tso zis rau miv kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cystitis thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj xwm txheej ceev. Tshawb nrhiav vim li cas koj tus miv tsis tuaj yeem pee & qhov koj tuaj yeem pab tau

Lom Nroj Tsuag Rau Cats

Lom Nroj Tsuag Rau Cats

Kuaj cov npe ntawm cov ntoo thiab cov paj uas muaj tshuaj lom rau miv kom paub tseeb tias koj tsis muaj lawv nyob hauv koj lub tsev lossis vaj

Txoj Kev Koom Tes Hauv Plab Nqaij Ua Si Nyob Rau Hauv Miv

Txoj Kev Koom Tes Hauv Plab Nqaij Ua Si Nyob Rau Hauv Miv

Involuntary kev tshee yuav pom nyob rau yuav luag txhua qhov ntawm lub cev hauv tus miv cuam tshuam. Kev tshee hnyo tej zaum yuav ib puag ncig, hauv ib thaj chaw, lossis dav dav thoob plaws lub cev. Kawm paub ntau ntxiv txog cov laj thawj thiab kev kho mob ntawm no, hauv qab no

Kev Kho Kab Mob Cat (Xub Phiaj Los Kho) - Kho Qhov Cuam Rau Miv

Kev Kho Kab Mob Cat (Xub Phiaj Los Kho) - Kho Qhov Cuam Rau Miv

Miv yog nyuam qhuav raug rau kev raug mob me txhua hnub li lwm tus. Ntau qhov kev txiav thiab khawb yog tsis ua lub neej. Xav paub ntau ntxiv txog Kev Kho Kab Mob Miv Nkag ntawm PetMd.com

Kaw Ntawm Cov Kav Cua Ntawm Kab Yeeb

Kaw Ntawm Cov Kav Cua Ntawm Kab Yeeb

Qhov mob tracheal pob tawg yuav cuam tshuam qhov feem ntawm tus mob trachea uas nyob hauv caj dab (mob caj dab hauv tsev me nyuam), lossis nws yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov qis ntawm qhov mob trachea, nyob hauv lub hauv siab (intrathoracic trachea). Lub trachea yog lub raj loj uas nqa cua los ntawm lub qhov ntswg thiab caj pas mus rau cov hlab pa me me (bronchi) uas mus rau lub ntsws, thiab vau tsoo ntawm lub trachea qhia txog ib qho mob uas cov hlab ntaws plab (lumen) tau nqaim thaum ua pa, ua rau txheej txheem ntawm kev ua pa nyuaj kom ua tiav

Hniav Cuam Tshuam Lossis Poob Ib Qho Ceev Ceev Hauv Miv

Hniav Cuam Tshuam Lossis Poob Ib Qho Ceev Ceev Hauv Miv

Muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm cov hniav ua kom zoo nkauj hauv cov miv - cov sij hawm kho mob uas tau muab rau kev txav ntawm cov hniav ntawm nws qhov chaw nyob hauv lub qhov ncauj. Qhov hloov tau tuaj yeem yog ntsug (hauv qab) lossis ib sab (ntawm ob sab)

Toad Venom Toxicosis Hauv Miv

Toad Venom Toxicosis Hauv Miv

Toad venom tuaj yeem lom tau koj tus miv. Hmoov zoo, toad venom toxicity muaj tsawg hauv miv. Tseem, ua lub cev tsiaj txhom, nws yog qhov txaus rau miv los tawm ntawm tus qav kaws thiab nkag mus rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog lawv cov tshuaj lom, uas tus qav kiav tawm thaum nws xav tias raug teeb meem. Qhov tshuaj lom neeg muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo heev tuaj yeem nkag mus rau lub qhov muag, ua rau muaj teeb meem pom kev, lossis nws yuav nqus tau los ntawm lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav. Nws cov teebmeem ua rau tuag yog tias tsis kho tam sim

Lockjaw Nyob Moos

Lockjaw Nyob Moos

Kab xeb yog yam mob uas tsis tshua pom muaj hauv miv, tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug kabmob hu ua Clostridium tetani. Tus kab mob no ib txwm muaj nyob hauv av thiab lwm qhov chaw muaj pa oxygen tsawg, tab sis kuj muaj nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv ntawm cov tsiaj thiab hauv qhov nqaij ntawm cov qhov txhab uas tau tsim vim yog raug mob, phais mob, kub hnyiab, txhav, thiab pob txha lov

Zuam Cov Paralysis Hauv Cats

Zuam Cov Paralysis Hauv Cats

Zuam cov tuag tes tuag taw, lossis zuam tom ua rau tuag tes tuag taw, yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov muaj taug lom uas tso tawm los ntawm cov qaub ncaug ntawm qee yam ntawm tus poj niam zuam thiab uas tau txhaj rau cov ntshav ntawm tus miv li zuam nkag rau miv cov tawv nqaij. Lub taug lom cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov leeg hlwb, ua rau pawg neeg muaj kev ntxhov siab hauv cov tsiaj cuam tshuam

Stupor Thiab Coma Hauv Cats

Stupor Thiab Coma Hauv Cats

Lub sij hawm stupor yog siv yog tias ib tus tsiaj tsis nco qab tab sis tuaj yeem aroused nrog kev muaj zog sab nraud heev, qhov tus neeg mob uas tsis nco qab yuav nyob tsis nco qab txawm tias muaj tib theem ntawm sab nraud qhov kev thov. Cov miv uas tsis hais hnub nyoog li cas, yug menyuam, lossis yog txivneej lossis pojniam yog cov raug rau tus mob no

Qhov Kev Xeem Me Me Hauv Cats

Qhov Kev Xeem Me Me Hauv Cats

Cov miv uas me dua li cov noob qes feem ntau tsis kuaj tau kom txog rau thaum lawv sim yug menyuam thiab ua tsis tiav, ua rau muaj kev soj ntsuam tsiaj. Muaj cov xwm txheej sib txawv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo no: kev txhim kho tsis txaus lossis kev loj hlob tsis tiav ntawm cov noob qes, kuj tseem hu ua hypoplasia, tsis muaj peev xwm loj hlob thiab / lossis paub tab ntawm kev tsim nyog; thiab kev tsis sib xws ntawm cov noob qes, uas hais txog qhov poob ntawm potency tom qab theem ntawm nkauj tiav nkauj tau los txog. Cov mob no kawg ua haujlwm dua